By Alison Birks
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February 23, 2022
Raw apple cider vinegar (ACV), a natural product produced by fermenting pure apple juice, is a traditional folk remedy “for what-ails-you.” First popularized in the early ‘sixties by Dr. Jarvis, raw ACV contains beneficial yeasts and acetic acid bacteria, known as the mother of vinegar. This living substance at the bottom of each bottle may aid digestion and promote health in ways we have yet to understand. Pasteurized and filtered ACV does not contain the mother. While the main component of ACV is acetic acid, it also contains various mineral salts, polyphenolics, organic acids, vitamins, and amino acids from the apple. Claims that ACV can help arthritis and gout, ease heartburn, promote weight loss, lower blood pressure, lower cholesterol, manage diabetes and alkalize the body abound. Although mostly these health claims are anecdotal, a few studies do lend scientific support. ACV ingestion reduced the glucose response to a carbohydrate load in healthy adults and in individuals with diabetes. There is also evidence that vinegar ingestion increases short-term satiety. In both Type I and Type II diabetics, ACV reduced post-prandial hyperglycemia, especially when consumed with a high glycemic, starchy carbohydrate meal (1). In Type I diabetics with gastroparesis (slowed digestion), 30 ml of ACV reduced gastric emptying, which in turn increased the amount of gastric juice and saliva in the stomach (2). In diabetic rats who consumed 6% of their total calories as ACV, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and HbA1C were all lowered, while also raising HDL-cholesterol (3). Delayed gastric emptying may explain why ACV helps promote digestion. Here, ACV may be helpful for those who suffer from low stomach acid or hypochlorhydria. In contrast to hyperchlorhydria or excessive stomach acid production, this condition causes a malfunctioning LES valve in the stomach, resulting in heartburn-like symptoms. It is quite common in elderly individuals. I have personally witnessed that a combination of ACV mixed with honey, taken in a glass of water before meals as a digestive tonic has helped individuals with indigestion. The acetic acid and other organic acids in ACV metabolized by the body into bicarbonate--a-critical buffer in the bloodstream, which may explain its folk use as an alkalizing agent for the body. (1) European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 64, 727-732 (July 2010) | Vinegar reduces postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with type II diabetes when added to a high, but not to a low, glycemic index meal S Liatis, S Grammatikou, KA Poulia, D Perrea. (2) BMC, 2007. Effect of apple cider vinegar on delayed gastric emptying in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a pilot studyJ Leibowitz, G Darwiche, O Björgell, LO. (3) Pak J Biol Sci. 2008 Dec 1;11(23):2634-8. Apple cider vinegar attenuates lipid profile in normal and diabetic rats. Shishehbor F, Mansoori A, Sarkaki AR, Jalali MT, Latifi SM.